Postsecondary Education Funding
Workforce Development or Transfer: Does the state’s funding model require a metric related to workforce participation or transfer, provide an option to include a metric related to workforce participation or transfer, or not address workforce participation or transfer at all?
July 2020
View the full 50-State Comparison: Postsecondary Education Funding here.
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STATE
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Policy Applies To:
|
Workforce Development
or Transfer |
Credentials awarded
in high-demand field |
Job Placement
|
Apprenticeships
|
Transfer Rates
|
Postgraduation
Wages |
Loan Repayment/
Default |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 2-year and/or technical colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Alaska | University of Alaska System (Oversees budget requests for 2- and 4-year institutions) | Required to be included in the funding model | Increase share of UA-educated new teacher hires | |||||
| Arizona | 2-year and/or technical colleges | Required to be included in the funding model | Additional formula funding available for STEM and workforce development programs offered in community colleges. | |||||
| 4-year institutions | No statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill addressing higher education funding in place for this sector in this state | |||||||
| Arkansas | 2-year and/or technical colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| California | California Community College System | Required to be included in the funding model | Student Success Allocation: Provides extra funding to institutions that successfully award degrees to transfer students. | Student Success Allocation: Provides extra funding to institutions for each student who obtains a regional living wage within one year of community college completion, based on the three-year rolling average | ||||
| California State University System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| University of California System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Colorado | All state/public postsecondary institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Connecticut | Charter Oak State College | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Connecticut State University | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| University of Connecticut | No statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill addressing higher education funding in place for this sector in this state | |||||||
| Regional Community/Technical Colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Delaware | Delaware State University | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Delaware Technical and Community College | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| University of Delaware | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| District of Columbia | Community College of the District of Columbia | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| University of the District of Columbia | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Florida | Florida College System | Option to be included in the funding model | Performance funding can consider occupational areas that have an associated industry credential | |||||
| University of Florida and Florida State University | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Georgia | Technical College System of Georgia | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| University System of Georgia | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Hawaii | University of Hawaii System (Oversees budget requests for 2- and 4-year institutions) | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Idaho | All public 2-year and 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Illinois | 2-year and/or technical colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | Part of increasing completion metrics for CCs as specified in statute | |||||
| 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Indiana | Institutions under the Commission for Higher Education (Oversees budget requests for 2- and 4-year institutions) | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Iowa | 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Community Colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Kansas | Technical Colleges (coordinated by the Board of Regents) | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Public Colleges and Universities (governed by the Board of Regents) | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Kentucky | Kentucky Community and Technical College System (KCTCS) | Required to be included in the funding model | Thirty-five percent (35%) of total KCTCS institution allocable resources shall be distributed based on each college's share of total student success outcomes produced, including but not limited to: 1. Certificate, diploma, and associate degree production; 2. Numbers of students progressing beyond fifteen (15), thirty (30), and forty-five (45) credit hour thresholds; 3. Science, technology, engineering, math, and health credentials production; 4. Production of high-wage, high-demand, industry credentials as determined using occupational outlook data and employment statistics wage data provided by the Department of Workforce Investment in the Education and Workforce Development Cabinet; 5. Production of industry credentials designated as targeted industries by the Education and Workforce Development Cabinet; 6. Credentials earned by low-income students, underprepared students, and underrepresented minority students; and 7. Transfers to four (4) year institutions | Thirty-five percent (35%) of total KCTCS institution allocable resources shall be distributed based on each college's share of total student success outcomes produced, including but not limited to: 1. Certificate, diploma, and associate degree production; 2. Numbers of students progressing beyond fifteen (15), thirty (30), and forty-five (45) credit hour thresholds; 3. Science, technology, engineering, math, and health credentials production; 4. Production of high-wage, high-demand, industry credentials as determined using occupational outlook data and employment statistics wage data provided by the Department of Workforce Investment in the Education and Workforce Development Cabinet; 5. Production of industry credentials designated as targeted industries by the Education and Workforce Development Cabinet; 6. Credentials earned by low-income students, underprepared students, and underrepresented minority students; and 7. Transfers to four (4) year institutions | Thirty-five percent (35%) of total KCTCS institution allocable resources shall be distributed based on each college's share of total student success outcomes produced, including but not limited to: 1. Certificate, diploma, and associate degree production; 2. Numbers of students progressing beyond fifteen (15), thirty (30), and forty-five (45) credit hour thresholds; 3. Science, technology, engineering, math, and health credentials production; 4. Production of high-wage, high-demand, industry credentials as determined using occupational outlook data and employment statistics wage data provided by the Department of Workforce Investment in the Education and Workforce Development Cabinet; 5. Production of industry credentials designated as targeted industries by the Education and Workforce Development Cabinet; 6. Credentials earned by low-income students, underprepared students, and underrepresented minority students; and 7. Transfers to four (4) year institutions | |||
| Public Universities | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Louisiana | Louisiana Community and Technical College System | Required to be included in the funding model | Included in outcomes model | Included in outcomes model | ||||
| 4-year institutions | Required to be included in the funding model | Included in outcomes model | Included in outcomes model | |||||
| Maine | Community Colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| University of Maine System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Maryland | Community colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Universities and 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Massachusetts | 2-year and/or technical colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Michigan | Community Colleges | Required to be included in the funding model | Included in Performance Completion improvement | |||||
| Universities | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Minnesota | University of Minnesota System and the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Mississippi | Mississippi Institutions of Higher Learning System | Option to be included in the funding model | Awards in fields of STEM, Health and Education recongnized as high-demand | |||||
| Community and Junior Colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Missouri | Community and technical colleges | Required to be included in the funding model | Included in performance measures for technical colleges. Included in performance measures for community colleges. |
Included in performance measures for community colleges. | ||||
| Four-year institutions | Required to be included in the funding model | Included in performance measures. | ||||||
| Montana | Community College System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Montana University System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Nebraska | Community Colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Nebraska State College System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| University of Nebraska | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Nevada | Nevada System of Higher Education (4-year institutions) | Required to be included in the funding model | The following two metrics are included in the performance pool funds - (1) Transfer students with a transferable associate's degree: Total number of students transferred to a 4‐year institution with a transferable associate's degree from an NSHE community college; (2) Tranfer Students with 24 credits or Associate's degree: The total number of students who enrolled at a four ‐year institution during the fall or spring semester of a given reporting year who had earned at least 24 credits or a transferable associate's degree at a community college prior to the reporting year. | |||||
| Nevada System of Higher Education (2-year institutions) | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| New Hampshire | Community College System of New Hampshire | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| University System of New Hampshire | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| New Jersey | 2-year and/or technical colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| New Mexico | Community Colleges | Required to be included in the funding model | Included in performance funding: degree awards for science, technology, math, engineering and health degrees. | Included in institution-specific performance metrics. | ||||
| Comprehensive University Sector and Research Institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | Included in performance funding: degree awards for science, technology, math, engineering and health degrees. | ||||||
| New York | Community Colleges | Required to be included in the funding model | Included in incentive funds metrics. | Included in incentive funds metrics. | Included in incentive funds metrics. | Included in incentive funds metrics. | Included in incentive funds metrics. | |
| State University of New York | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| The City University of New York | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| North Carolina | North Carolina Community College System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| University of North Carolina System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| North Dakota | North Dakota University System (2-year and 4-year institutions) | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Ohio | Community and Technical Colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Universities and Regional Campuses | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Oklahoma | Oklahoma State System of Higher Education, (Oversees budget requests for 2- and 4-year institutions) | Option to be included in the funding model | increases in progression rate as calculated by the successful transfer of a student from a two year institution to a four year institution | |||||
| Oregon | Community colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Public Universities and the Oregon Health Sciences University | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Pennsylvania | Community colleges | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| Pennsylvania’s State System of Higher Education | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Rhode Island | Community College of Rhode Island | Required to be included in the funding model | Percentage of certificates and degrees awarded in high demand fields | Percent of transfer-out students earning certificate or associate degree before transfer | ||||
| University of Rhode Island | Required to be included in the funding model | Degrees and certificates awarded in high-demand, high-wage fields | ||||||
| Rhode Island College | Required to be included in the funding model | Number of degrees awarded in high-demand, high-wage fields | ||||||
| South Carolina | South Carolina Commission on Higher Education (Oversees budget requests for 2- and 4-year institutions | Option to be included in the funding model | Graduates' achievements performance measures include employment rate for graduates | User-Friendliness of institution performance indicators include transferability of credits to and from the institution | ||||
| South Carolina Technical College System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| South Dakota | South Dakota Board of Regents, 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| South Dakota Technical Institute System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Tennessee | Tennessee Board of Regents System, 2-year institutions | Required to be included in the funding model | Job Placements | Workforce Training (contact hours) | Transfers out with 12 credit hours | |||
| University of Tennessee System and other 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Texas | Community Colleges | Required to be included in the funding model | Added Bonus for graduates in critical fields | Included in Student Success component. | ||||
| General Academic Institutions | Required to be included in the funding model | Added Bonus for graduates in critical fields | ||||||
| Health-Related Institutions | Required to be included in the funding model | Added Bonus for graduates in critical fields | ||||||
| Technical Colleges | Required to be included in the funding model | Added Bonus for graduates in critical fields | Included in Instruction administration formula: average student wages and job placement upon completion determines direct and indirect value an individual generates for Texas after attending TSTC institution. | Included in Instruction administration formula: average student wages and job placement upon completion determines direct and indirect value an individual generates for Texas after attending TSTC institution. | ||||
| Lamar State | Required to be included in the funding model | Added Bonus for graduates in critical fields | ||||||
| Utah | Technical Colleges | Required to be included in the funding model | Total placements in related employment or military service Placement of underserved populations, defined as students receiving Pell Grants Placements from high impact programs |
Placement variable includes continuing education | ||||
| Utah System of Higher Education (Oversees budget requests for 2- and 4-year institutions) | Required to be included in the funding model | Total certificates/degrees awarded in high demand fields | ||||||
| Vermont | University of Vermont | No statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill addressing higher education funding in place for this sector in this state | ||||||
| Vermont State College System | No statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill addressing higher education funding in place for this sector in this state | |||||||
| Virginia | Virginia Community College System | Option to be included in the funding model | The Governor may consider and recommend incentives for increased degree production in STEM or other high-need areas | The Governor may consider and recommend incentives for enhanced comprehensive community college transfer programs and other enhanced degree path programs | ||||
| 4-year institutions | Option to be included in the funding model | The Governor may consider and recommend incentives for increased degree production in STEM or other high-need areas | The Governor may consider and recommend incentives for enhanced comprehensive community college transfer programs and other enhanced degree path programs | |||||
| Washington | Washington Community and Technical College System | Required to be included in the funding model | Points are awarded for each student earns an apprenticeship | Points are awarded for completing 45 credits in a transfer or workforce pathway | ||||
| 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| West Virginia | West Virginia Community and Technical College System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| West Virginina Higher Education Policy Commission, 4-year institutions | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | |||||||
| Wisconsin | University of Wisconsin System (Oversees budget requests for 2- and 4-year institutions) | Required to be included in the funding model | Number of graduates in STEM and health-related disciplines | Transfer students enrolled as undergraduates | Average student debt on baccalaureate graduation | |||
| Wisconsin Technical College System | Required to be included in the funding model | Number of degrees and certificates awarded in high-demand field | Placement rate of students in jobs related to students' programs of study | |||||
| Wyoming | Wyoming Community College System | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill | ||||||
| University of Wyoming | Not mentioned in statute, rule/regulation, agency policy, or budget bill |